SpaceX/Falcon 9 De-Orbit Burn–II

A few weeks ago I posted some photographs of the 2nd stage of a Falcon 9 performing a de-orbit burn as it moved over the southwestern states. I recently had another chance to view a de-orbit burn and, as suggested in the previous post, used it as an opportunity to try some different things.

De-orbit burn of the Falcon 9 second stage as it moves over the southwestern United. States. Note the red glow as water vapor from the expelled exhaust briefly deionizes the ionosphere.
De-orbit burn of the Falcon 9 second stage as it moves over the southwestern United. States. Note the red glow as water vapor from the expelled exhaust briefly deionizes the ionosphere.

I wanted to use a telephoto lens this time and chose the Nikon 80–200mm f/4 zoom lens. This lens has manual focus and, more importantly, has a hard stop at infinity focus. This makes it very easy to focus in the dark.

30-second exposure using the 200mm lens showing both the bright burn and the expelled gases.
30-second exposure using the 200mm lens showing both the bright burn and the expelled gases.
A 2-second exposure using the 200mm lens showing the expelled gases.
A 2-second exposure using the 200mm lens showing the expelled gases.
An 8-second exposure using the telephoto showing the red glow of the ionosphere.
An 8-second exposure using the telephoto showing the red glow of the ionosphere.

My choice for a second camera was originally going to be shooting video. But the launch was delayed and the reentry was not going to happen during twilight. The video might have been difficult in those conditions. Instead, I decided to use my ultra-wide 12mm lens and mounted it on my older Nikon D700 camera.

Everything worked out well including the expected time of the burn. I was surprised when the burn ended and it became difficult to keep track of the rocket. Suddenly, it lit up a second time overhead and slightly behind me. This lasted only a few tens of seconds. And, once again, I was unable to pivot the telephoto lens around. But the ultra-wide angle lens managed to capture it.

The image of the de-orbit burn is great but watching it as it occurred was really spectacular.

There are two de-orbit burns scheduled in a few days but these will occur during daylight hours. I wonder if I will be able to see the burn?

See this article for information on ionosphere holes and red glow.

Twilight Launch from Vandenberg Space Flight Base

There was yet another twilight launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Flight Base on Saturday evening. These launches can be magnificent to watch as the expanding gases from the rocket exhaust are illuminated by the sun–already well below the horizon. It lights up bright at first then slowly dims as the exhaust thins and spreads across the sky and the sun drops lower. The clouds can be colorful much like noctilucent clouds (“night shining clouds”).

SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launch from Vandenberg Space Flight Base. The image was shot from within the San Francisco Volcanic Fields.
SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launch from Vandenberg Space Flight Base. The image was shot from within the San Francisco Volcanic Fields.
SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launch from Vandenberg Space Flight Base.
SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launch from Vandenberg Space Flight Base.
Noctilucent clouds from the rocket exhaust linger into twilight.
Noctilucent clouds from the rocket exhaust linger into twilight.

And here are two time-lapse sequences of the rocket and the noctilucent clouds.

Time lapse of the SpaceX Falcon 9 accelerating across the western sky.

Time lapse of the expanding noctilucent cloud in the western sky.

The cadence of launches is increasing and we will see many more of these in the weeks and months. Hopefully, some of them will be during twilight.

Bonus: while watching we saw a fireball cross the sky from low in the east, moving overhead, then finally ending in the west. It was so bright that you almost felt that you could reach out and grab it. Wow!

Edit: fixed typos.

 

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks remains in the western sky–visible as twilight fades. But don’t wait too long in the evening or it gets too low in the western sky and becomes difficult to see. Also, it requires long exposure photographs or binoculars/telescope to see. There are projections that it may brighten to become just barely visible to the unaided eye in a few weeks.

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks on 09 March 2024. This is a single image taken with a 500mm telephoto lens.
Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks on 09 March 2024. This is a single image taken with a 500mm telephoto lens.
Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks and the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) on 04 March 2024. Stack of 13 x 120 second images.
Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks and the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) on 04 March 2024. Stack of 13 x 120 second images.
Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks on 09 March 2024. A stack of images with Max value so that satellite tracks are not removed.
Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks on 09 March 2024. A stack of images with Max value so that satellite tracks are not removed.

I’ve had several opportunities recently to photography the comet including its positioning in the sky near the Andromeda Galaxy (M31). A normal to short telephoto lens (i.e, ~50 to 85mm) was a good choice for capturing both objects while a longer telephoto (i.e., 180mm or even 500mm) worked best for isolating the comet.

Bonus photo: Andromeda Galaxy (M31) taken 13 January 2020.
Bonus photo: Andromeda Galaxy (M31) taken 13 January 2020.

Of course, the comet is not the only object in the sky. Satellites are constantly moving across the sky. Fortunately, software can remove the tracks by stacking multiple photographs and taking the Median or the Mean value at each pixel. On the other hand, it can be useful to take the Max value at each pixel to illustrate the number of satellites crossing even a small portion of the sky in a short period of time.

Run, Bike, Ski

It’s great that one can do all three of these in the winter. Ski in Flagstaff; run and mountain bike in the deserts. We have done all three this winter with the emphasis on running. Here are a collection of photos from this winter.

Group of runners stand around pools of water (01/20/2024).
Group of runners stand around pools of water (01/20/2024).
X-C skiing at Fort Tuthill (02/09/2024).
X-C skiing at Fort Tuthill (02/09/2024).
X-C skiing at Fort Tuthill (02/09/2024).
X-C skiing at Fort Tuthill (02/09/2024).
Trail run on Sketch Trail, Sedona (02/13/2024).
Trail run on Sketch Trail, Sedona (02/13/2024).
Snowy run on Schultz Pass Road (02/15/2024).
Snowy run on Schultz Pass Road (02/15/2024).
Trail run on Margs Draw, Sedona (02/17/2024).
Trail run on Margs Draw, Sedona (02/17/2024).
Mountain biking on Little Rock Trail, Sedona (02/20/2024).
Mountain biking on Little Rock Trail, Sedona (02/20/2024).
Trail run on Lower Chimney Trail, Flagstaff (02/22/2024).
Trail run on Lower Chimney Trail, Flagstaff (02/22/2024).
Trail run on Woods Canyon Trail, Sedona (03/02/2024).
Trail run on Woods Canyon Trail, Sedona (03/02/2024).
Trail run on Woods Canyon Trail, Sedona (03/02/2024).
Trail run on Woods Canyon Trail, Sedona (03/02/2024).

Bonus photo from last year’s epic winter. Yeah, untracked powder!

Preparing to descend Flying Dutchman chute, Mt. Humphreys (01/18/2023).
Preparing to descend Flying Dutchman chute, Mt. Humphreys (01/18/2023).

 

 

Winter Sunrise

The sunrise after a winter storm often results in beautiful scenery and colors. Low-lying areas may have shallow fog. Mountains may have multiple layers of clouds. All of this is enhanced by the low sun angle as it first rises above the horizon.

Low clouds and fog partially obscure the San Francisco Peaks as the sun rises (24 Jan 2024).
Low clouds and fog partially obscure the San Francisco Peaks as the sun rises (24 Jan 2024).

On the other hand, getting up before sunrise, driving on snow-packed roads, and standing around shooting photos with cold temperatures is a challenge. But the results are often worth the effort. Here are a few sunrise photographs.

Wispy clouds cap the San Francisco Peaks (08 Jan 2024).
Wispy clouds cap the San Francisco Peaks (08 Jan 2024).
First light on some old ranching structures near Mormon Lake (08 Jan 2024).
First light on some old ranching structures near Mormon Lake (08 Jan 2024).
Earth's shadow can be seen behind the San Francisco Peaks in this pre-sunrise image (26 Jan 2024).
Earth’s shadow can be seen behind the San Francisco Peaks in this pre-sunrise image (26 Jan 2024).
Telephoto image of snow and clouds on the San Francisco Peaks (26 Jan 2024).
Telephoto image of snow and clouds on the San Francisco Peaks (26 Jan 2024).
Layers of clouds are draped across Mingus Mountain (03 Feb 2024).
Layers of clouds are draped across Mingus Mountain (03 Feb 2024).

This week should bring lots of snow to northern Arizona. I hope to get some interesting photographs.